关于如何给已有docker容器添加新的目录映射

估计很多人应该都有这个烦恼，就是Docker安装完，发现有些关键目录没有映射出来，命令行去管理文件很是头大。比如青龙更新后，新加的deps目录，你一定没有做映射。于是，这篇就给大家指条路，解决这个烦恼。

第一种方法（肯定不是你想要的，可以直接跳过吧）：

思路如下：

1. 备份配置
2. 重装容器，在部署命令行里，把你需要的目录映射加上，
3. 部署容器
4. 恢复配置

第二种方法（就是你想要的 -_-|| ）：

1. 备份配置：一开始，还是要先普及一下docker cp命令的用法：把容器内的A文件拷贝到容器外：

   docker cp [OPTIONS] 容器名称或ID:容器内的A文件路径 容器外的目标路径|-

   把容器外的B文件拷贝到容器内：

   docker cp [OPTIONS] 容器外的B文件路径|- 容器名称或ID:容器内的路径

   关于路径，容器外路径可以是相对路径也可以是绝对路径，相对路径取决于你当前命令执行的位置；容器内，都是相对于容器的/根路径。

   举个栗子，这也是备份的命令：
   

   #把qinglong容器内db及config目录及文件拷贝到本地系统外挂的Udisk盘下
   docker cp qinglong:/ql/db /media/Udisk/
   docker cp qinglong:/ql/config /media/Udisk/
   docker cp qinglong:/ql/deps /media/Udisk/
   

2. docker ps看一下你容器的ID是啥，比如 10381e716af5
3. 关闭docker服务，做好修改配置文件的准备，不关停，就改不了：

   #关闭docker服务
   systemctl stop docker

4. 进入docker containers目录找到对应容器的文件夹

   cd /var/lib/docker/containers
   #执行ls命令，列出目录下的内容
   ls

   你会看到一大串的字符，找到以容器ID开头的目录名字符串

   10381e716af519391315fdd90e7dd2d3ddead20c01389d44a519d90462c0670d

5.  修改配置文件：你可以vim打开你容器ID对应的配置文件，你也可以用WinSCP之类的工具连上你的主机，可视化编辑配置文件，我推荐后者！！！！！文件路径为： /var/lib/docker/containers/10381e716af519391315fdd90e7dd2d3ddead20c01389d44a519d90462c0670d/config.v2.json

   vim /var/lib/docker/containers/10381e716af519391315fdd90e7dd2d3ddead
   20c01389d44a519d90462c0670d/config.v2.json

   这里开始，就是精细活儿了，如果你对命令行操作实在是没谱，强烈建议你去找类似WinSCP之类的工具连接到你的主机，进行后续的编辑工作，因为要改json啦！！！！

   {"StreamConfig":{},"State":{"Running":true,"Paused":false,"Restarting":false,"OOMKilled":false,
   "RemovalInProgress":false,"Dead":false,"Pid":31471,"ExitCode":0,"Error":"","StartedAt":"2021-
   11-17T06:45:28.719784715Z","FinishedAt":"2021-11-17T06:39:53.383323079Z","Health":null},
   "ID":"10381e716af519391315fdd90e7dd2d3ddead20c01389d44a519d90462c0670d",
   "Created":"2021-11-05T09:42:23.554999321Z","Managed":false,"Path":"./docker/docker-entrypoint.sh",
   "Args":[],"Config":{"Hostname":"qinglong","Domainname":"","User":"","AttachStdin":false,
   "AttachStdout":false,"AttachStderr":false,"ExposedPorts":{"5700/tcp":{}},"Tty":true,
   "OpenStdin":true,"StdinOnce":false,"Env":["ENABLE_HANGUP=true","ENABLE_WEB_PANEL=true",
   "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin","NODE_VERSION=16.13.0",
   "YARN_VERSION=1.22.15","LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8","SHELL=/bin/bash","PS1=\\[email protected]\\h:\\w $ ","QL_DIR=/ql"],"Cmd":null,"Image":"whyour/qinglong:latest","Volumes":null,"WorkingDir":"/ql",
   "Entrypoint":["./docker/docker-entrypoint.sh"],"OnBuild":null,"Labels":{"maintainer":"whyour"}},
   "Image":"sha256:81eaf0110f12b0e523f9c526e3f009ddfd3c83efc7d65afdd72d8ec7d3ba8850",
   "NetworkSettings":{"Bridge":"","SandboxID":"e4e275e452db1fcde94f1b6397992a61e204f6ac9288ec6d4a188975a0c52a63",
   "HairpinMode":false,"LinkLocalIPv6Address":"","LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen":0,"Networks":{"bridge":{"IPAMConfig":null,"Links":null,"Aliases":null,"NetworkID":"11e1af9f8dbda5a5383048a0aad41951087405db2412ab959d9f787d9e6b313c",
   "EndpointID":"a62774057a7aef93b6f2864bef87312c48415208c3c47b71d76d6f6c31e47ae5",
   "Gateway":"172.17.0.1","IPAddress":"172.17.0.3","IPPrefixLen":16,"IPv6Gateway":"","GlobalIPv6Address":"",
   "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen":0,"MacAddress":"02:42:ac:11:00:03","DriverOpts":null,"IPAMOperational":false}},
   "Service":null,"Ports":{"5700/tcp":[{"HostIp":"0.0.0.0","HostPort":"5700"}]},"SandboxKey":"/var/run/docker/netns/e4e275e452db",
   "SecondaryIPAddresses":null,"SecondaryIPv6Addresses":null,"IsAnonymousEndpoint":false,"HasSwarmEndpoint":false},
   "LogPath":"/var/lib/docker/containers/10381e716af519391315fdd90e7dd2d3ddead20c01389d44a519d90462c0670d/
   10381e716af519391315fdd90e7dd2d3ddead20c01389d44a519d90462c0670d-json.log",
   "Name":"/qinglong","Driver":"overlay2","OS":"linux","MountLabel":"","ProcessLabel":"",
   "RestartCount":0,"HasBeenStartedBefore":true,"HasBeenManuallyStopped":false,
   "MountPoints":{
   "/ql/config":{"Source":"/ql/config","Destination":"/ql/config","RW":true,"Name":"","Driver":"","Type":"bind","Propagation":"rprivate","Spec":{"Type":"bind","Source":"/ql/config","Target":"/ql/config"},"SkipMountpointCreation":false},
   "/ql/db":{"Source":"/ql/db","Destination":"/ql/db","RW":true,"Name":"","Driver":"","Type":"bind","Propagation":"rprivate","Spec":{"Type":"bind","Source":"/ql/db","Target":"/ql/db"},"SkipMountpointCreation":false},
   "/ql/jbot":{"Source":"/ql/jbot","Destination":"/ql/jbot","RW":true,"Name":"","Driver":"","Type":"bind","Propagation":"rprivate","Spec":{"Type":"bind","Source":"/ql/jbot","Target":"/ql/jbot"},"SkipMountpointCreation":false},
   "/ql/log":{"Source":"/ql/log","Destination":"/ql/log","RW":true,"Name":"","Driver":"","Type":"bind","Propagation":"rprivate","Spec":{"Type":"bind","Source":"/ql/log","Target":"/ql/log"},"SkipMountpointCreation":false},
   "/ql/raw":{"Source":"/ql/raw","Destination":"/ql/raw","RW":true,"Name":"","Driver":"","Type":"bind","Propagation":"rprivate","Spec":{"Type":"bind","Source":"/ql/raw","Target":"/ql/raw"},"SkipMountpointCreation":false},
   "/ql/repo":{"Source":"/ql/repo","Destination":"/ql/repo","RW":true,"Name":"","Driver":"","Type":"bind","Propagation":"rprivate","Spec":{"Type":"bind","Source":"/ql/repo","Target":"/ql/repo"},"SkipMountpointCreation":false},
   "/ql/scripts":{"Source":"/ql/scripts","Destination":"/ql/scripts","RW":true,"Name":"","Driver":"","Type":"bind","Propagation":"rprivate","Spec":{"Type":"bind","Source":"/ql/scripts","Target":"/ql/scripts"},"SkipMountpointCreation":false}},
   "SecretReferences":null,"ConfigReferences":null,"AppArmorProfile":"",
   "HostnamePath":"/var/lib/docker/containers/10381e716af519391315fdd90e7dd2d3ddead20c01389d44a519d90462c0670d/hostname",
   "HostsPath":"/var/lib/docker/containers/10381e716af519391315fdd90e7dd2d3ddead20c01389d44a519d90462c0670d/hosts",
   "ShmPath":"/var/lib/docker/containers/10381e716af519391315fdd90e7dd2d3ddead20c01389d44a519d90462c0670d/mounts/shm",
   "ResolvConfPath":"/var/lib/docker/containers/10381e716af519391315fdd90e7dd2d3ddead20c01389d44a519d90462c0670d/resolv.conf",
   "SeccompProfile":"","NoNewPrivileges":false}
   

   你看到的就是这么一堆鬼玩意儿。。。。不要晕。。。淡定！

   找到“MountPoints”，你就能看到你映射的目录了，json数据是很有规律的！我们此行的目的：把容器内的/ql/deps映射为本地系统的/ql_local/deps

   公务员考试找规律，这简直小菜吧！！

   "/ql/scripts":"Source":"/ql/scripts","Destination":"/ql/scripts","RW":true,"Name":"","Driver":"","Type":"bind","Propagation":"rprivate","Spec":"Type":"bind","Source":"/ql/scripts","Target":"/ql/scripts"},"SkipMountpointCreation":false}},

    蓝色的部分 是容器内的目录， 黄色的部分 是本地系统即容器外的目录，我们改一改得到

   "/ql/deps":"Source":"/ql/deps","Destination":"/ql_local/deps","RW":true,"Name":"","Driver":"","Type":"bind","Propagation":"rprivate","Spec":"Type":"bind","Source":"/ql/deps","Target":"/ql_local/deps"},"SkipMountpointCreation":false}},

   把改好的这部分，粘贴到  "MountPoints":{    之后，再检查一下，不要破坏json的结构哈，你可以找个json校验的工具，比如 https://www.sojson.com/ ，如果告诉你老铁没毛病，压缩完，贴回去就好。

6. 到这里，配置文件改好存好，你基本上成功了，接下来请把刚才备份的deps文件拷进你映射目标路径/ql_local/deps里，否则你启动docker后，不管容器里还是容器外，deps目录下都是空的。。。不要问我怎么知道的了

我们把刚才停掉的docker服务打开

#启动docker服务
systemctl start docker

1. 等待一下下，青龙都是自启的，要没起来你就 “docker start 你的青龙容器名称”，启动一下！
2. 目录映射便添加成功了

写这么多，感觉比登天还难，实际操作起来非常简单，不要被纸老虎吓到了！！

如果你对docker命令很熟悉的话，或者有冲动想要学习的话，你研究一下docker export和docker import，在重新run新容器时，把新目录映射加上也可以。

docker container export -o 本地路径的qinglong.docker 青龙容器名称
docker import 本地路径的qinglong.docker 新青龙容器名称
docker run -ti -v "/ql_local/deps":/ql/deps 新青龙容器名称 /bin/bash
#如果对老名字情有独钟 可以rm老容器  再rename新容器为老名字即可

好吧，就这样吧！